Even with treatment, fungal meningitis may recur. Parasites can cause a rare type of meningitis called eosinophilic meningitis. Parasitic meningitis can also be caused by a tapeworm infection in the brain cysticercosis or cerebral malaria. Amoebic meningitis is a rare type that is sometimes contracted through swimming in fresh water and can quickly become life-threatening. The main parasites that cause meningitis typically infect animals. People are usually infected by eating foods contaminated with these parasites.
Parasitic meningitis isn't spread between people. Meningitis can also result from noninfectious causes, such as chemical reactions, drug allergies, some types of cancer and inflammatory diseases such as sarcoidosis. Meningitis complications can be severe. The longer you or your child has the disease without treatment, the greater the risk of seizures and permanent neurological damage, including:.
Common bacteria or viruses that can cause meningitis can spread through coughing, sneezing, kissing, or sharing eating utensils, a toothbrush or a cigarette. Meningococcal conjugate vaccine. The CDC recommends that a single dose be given to children ages 11 to 12, with a booster shot given at age If the vaccine is first given between ages 13 and 15, the booster is recommended between ages 16 and If the first shot is given at age 16 or older, no booster is necessary.
This vaccine can also be given to children between the ages of 2 months and 10 years who are at high risk of bacterial meningitis or who have been exposed to someone with the disease.
It's also used to vaccinate healthy but previously unvaccinated people who have been exposed in outbreaks. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version.
Overview Meningitis is an inflammation of the fluid and membranes meninges surrounding your brain and spinal cord.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Meningitis Open pop-up dialog box Close. Meningitis Meningitis is an infection and inflammation of the fluid and three membranes meninges protecting your brain and spinal cord. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Meningitis and encephalitis fact sheet.
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Accessed Sept. Bacterial meningitis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Bartt R. Acute bacterial and viral meningitis. Most people get better on their own without treatment.
However, anyone with symptoms of meningitis should see a doctor right away because any type of meningitis can be serious. Only a doctor can determine if someone has meningitis, what is causing it, and the best treatment. Babies younger than 1 month old and people with weakened immune systems are more likely to have severe illness from viral meningitis. Non-polio enteroviruses are the most common cause of viral meningitis in the United States. Only a small number of people infected with enteroviruses will develop meningitis.
People of any age can get viral meningitis. However, some people have a higher risk of getting the disease, including:. Babies younger than 1 month old and people with weakened immune systems are also more likely to have severe illness. Close contacts of someone with viral meningitis can become infected with the virus that made that person sick. However, these close contacts are not likely to develop meningitis.
Only a small number of people who get infected with the viruses that cause meningitis will develop viral meningitis. Viruses that can cause meningitis spread in different ways.
Initial symptoms of viral meningitis are similar to those for bacterial meningitis. However, bacterial meningitis is usually severe and can cause serious complications, such as brain damage, hearing loss, or learning disabilities. Even if you were extremely vocal about your hesitancy to get a COVID vaccine in the past, changing your mind doesn't make you a hypocrite, it…. The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for everyone.
For adults, the three-dose vaccine is typically given over 6 months, depending on vaccine brand…. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. How Contagious Is Meningitis? Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph. Fungal meningitis Parasitic meningitis Noninfectious meningitis Viral meningitis Bacterial meningitis Avoiding meningitis Share on Pinterest.
Fungal meningitis. Parasitic meningitis. Non-infectious meningitis. Viral meningitis. Bacterial meningitis. How to avoid meningitis. Read this next. Medically reviewed by Daniel Murrell, M. Aseptic Meningitis. Medically reviewed by Seunggu Han, M. Staphylococcal Meningitis. Getting Your Flu Shot?
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