This condition is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, the hollow tube that carries urine out of the body. When the prostate gets bigger, it can squeeze or partially block the urethra, which leads to problems urinating. BPH is quite common in older men. Although the causes of BPH are not entirely understood, some researchers have investigated whether hormonal changes and cell growth as men age could be related to the development of the condition.
If left untreated, BPH can lead to bladder , urinary tract or kidney problems. Although many men with BPH have no symptoms, others show signs, known as lower urinary tract symptoms.
The enlarged prostate alters the pressure of your bladder to pass urine. This can have damaging effects on your kidneys. Weak urine stream. As the urethra becomes constrained, urine passes at a much slower rate.
Urgent need to urinate. You may go from not needing to urinate to suddenly needing to go because of how the bladder gets constrained. Issues with sleeping. Pressure from the enlarged prostate can interfere with nerve signaling in the middle of the night. Feeling unable to completely empty your bladder.
You may not be able to completely empty your bladder, which can lead to Urinary Tract Infections UTI and stone issues. None have been proven to be better than TURP. People who receive these procedures are more likely to need surgery again after 5 or 10 years. However, these procedures may be a choice for:. Some men may find it helpful to take part in a BPH support group. Pharmacologic management of lower urinary tract storage and emptying failure.
Campbell-Walsh Urology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap Surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA Guideline Amendment J Urol. PMID: www. Evaluation and nonsurgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate enlargement benign prostatic hyperplasia. Updated September Accessed August 7, Terrone C, Billia M.
In: Morgia G, ed. Updated by: Sovrin M. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Editorial team. Enlarged prostate. Watch this video about: Enlarged prostate gland. Some facts about prostate enlargement: The likelihood of developing an enlarged prostate increases with age. BPH is so common that it has been said all men will have an enlarged prostate if they live long enough. A small amount of prostate enlargement is present in many men over age No risk factors have been identified, other than having normally-functioning testicles.
The most common cause of these symptoms is an enlarged prostate. But we do know about two risk factors that can increase your risk of having an enlarged prostate. Your risk of having an enlarged prostate increases as you get older.
And some men have symptoms that don't bother them. The balance of hormones oestrogen and testosterone in your body changes as you get older. This may cause your prostate to grow. Some studies show that obese men and men who have diabetes may be more likely to develop an enlarged prostate. Regular exercise may help to reduce your risk of urinary symptoms.
But we still need more studies into the causes of enlarged prostate to know for certain if, and how, we can prevent it. There is also some research that suggests you may be more at risk of developing an enlarged prostate if your father or brother has one.
Again, further studies are needed to confirm this. An enlarged prostate is the most common cause of urinary problems in men as they get older. Possible symptoms include:. These symptoms can also be caused by other things, such as cold weather, anxiety, other health problems, lifestyle factors, and some medicines.
Blood in your urine may be a symptom of an enlarged prostate. But this is rare and is usually caused by something else. If you have any of the symptoms above, you should visit your GP to find out what may be causing them.
No, having an enlarged prostate does not increase your risk of getting prostate cancer. The two problems usually begin in different parts of the prostate. But men can have an enlarged prostate and prostate cancer at the same time.
Having an enlarged prostate affects men in different ways. Other men find they need to stay near a toilet. This can make it difficult to work, drive, be outdoors and attend social events. If you need the toilet a lot during the night, this can affect your sleep and make you feel more tired during the day. Some men with an enlarged prostate find their symptoms improve over time without treatment. But for most, the symptoms will stay the same or slowly start to cause more problems over time unless they have treatment.
A small number of men may find it difficult to empty their bladder properly — this is called urine retention. You may be more likely to get urine retention if:. It usually develops slowly over time.
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