In some cases, it can cause constipation, nausea and, rarely, ringing in your ears tinnitus. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Gastrointestinal tract Open pop-up dialog box Close.
Gastrointestinal tract Your digestive tract stretches from your mouth to your anus. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Feldman M, et al. Infectious enteritis and proctocolitis. Elsevier; Accessed May 25, LaRocque R, et al. Travelers' diarrhea: Microbiology, epidemiology, and prevention. Accessed May 26, Ferri FF. Traveler diarrhea. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor ORS, which may be purchased in pharmacies in most developing countries, is prepared by dissolving the contents of one packet in the appropriate volume of boiled or treated water.
Despite advances in understanding its pathogenesis and geographic distribution, TD continues to remain an important cause of morbidity among international visitors.
In most cases, TD is acquired primarily through the consumption of contaminated food or water. TD can be prevented with proper education and may be treated with OTC products and prescription antibiotics. Pharmacists should provide travelers to high-risk areas the best information regarding TD to avoid disruption of their planned activities.
Steffen R. Clin Infect Dis. Ericsson CD. Int J Antimicrob Agents. Dupont HL, Steffen R. Textbook of Travel Medicine and Health. Okhuysen PC. Curr Opin Infect Dis. J Travel Med. Outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with noroviruses on cruise ships—United States, Recurring norovirus transmission on an airplane. Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea.
Dupont HL. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. Vaccines have already been developed for typhoid, enterotoxigenic E. Shigella and Campylobacter vaccines are in the development stage, and a pediatric rotavirus vaccine has recently been labeled. The limiting factor is the vast array of potential pathogens that cannot be included in any single vaccine. The most sensible, yet most problematic, approach to preventing traveler's diarrhea is to eliminate the basic problem of poor hygiene and water contamination through sanitary engineering, public education and, most importantly, the development of a safe water supply.
Progress through international aid and economic development is difficult, but in an increasing number of transitional nations, such as Thailand, economic growth has reduced the country's risk profile in less than a decade.
Ultimately, the elimination of poverty, and not new drugs, will resolve the problem of traveler's diarrhea. Already a member or subscriber? Log in. Interested in AAFP membership? Learn more. Juckett is a diplomate in tropical medicine of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. He has overseas experience in Rwanda, Guatemala and Zimbabwe.
Address correspondence to Gregory Juckett, M. Box , Robert C. Reprints are not available from the author. Castelli I, Carosi G. Epidemiology of traveler's diarrhea. Prevention and treatment of traveler's diarrhea. N Engl J Med. Liu LX. Travel medicine part II: malaria, traveler's diarrhea, and other problems. Infect Med. Steffen R. Epidemiologic studies of traveler's diarrhea, severe gastrointestinal infections, and cholera. Rev Infect Dis. Emerging issues in travel medicine.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. Food-borne disease. Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and practice of infectious diseases. New York: Churchill Livingstone, — Strum WB. Update on traveler's diarrhea. Postgrad Med. Prevention of traveler's diarrhea by the tablet formulation of bismuth subsalicylate.
Advice for travelers. Med Lett Drugs Ther. Ericsson CD. Travelers diarrhea. Epidemiology, prevention, and self-treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am. Use of azithromycin for the treatment of Campylobacter enteritis in travelers to Thailand, an area where ciprofloxacin resistance is prevalent. Clin Infect Dis. Got green poop? There are a few possible causes, from common foods to underlying conditions, such as anal fissures. There's a yeast out there that happens to function like a probiotic in the body.
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